Please tweet me or write here. Do us a favour and tweet about Theory Maker! Here are the new, somewhat simpler rules for writing Theory Maker diagrams. Sorry for any inconvenience. Or just write to me at steve pogol. Theory Maker doesn't give you much control over the actual layout like whether something appears at the top or bottom. This tool tries to keep the layout simple, but that doesn't necessarily mean things are where you expect them to be. Don't bother trying to get the nodes and boxes to move about: If you want to tweak a diagram further, you can download the.
There is no registration or log-in. You just type text. You can type a title for your diagram and click to save a version and bookmark the link. If you don't, don't forget to copy and paste somewhere safe the text you typed, because it won't be there next time you visit the site. This is just a Graphviz bug, don't know what to do about it. Maybe complete rewrite in python using pydot , which supports nested subgraphs?
Rgraphviz doesn't because graph doesn't support them either. Easy alias - just take first matching letters. This would work for decimals as well. But it would have to be a separate loop after the main processing. Flexible theories of change. Simon Hearn on Impact. Q: How can I use the diagram in a document?
A: 1 Select the format you want, click the download button, save the diagram and paste into your document. PDF will provide better quality.
Q: Help, I made a mistake typing something and got lost! A: trying undoing your changes: Press control-z one or more times on Windows or Linux. Q: How can I split a line?
Q: How can I end one box without starting another? A: Just put a line with the same number of - s as the box you want to end, and no other text. Q: What if I want to work on different diagrams at the same time?
A: Just open Theory Maker in different browser windows. Q: I want to make my diagram super fancy and fit our corporate template.
A: If you want to tweak a diagram further, you can download the. Toggle navigation Theorymaker. Features FAQ Blog. Play around with this text to make your own version Put one more space at the start of a line to get an arrow to the line above. Help and tips. Watch videos.
Getting started! To close this window, click anywhere outside it. Try typing something in the text window to the left. Or try copying the examples below in this help window and pasting them into the text window. Click Download to get your diagram as a picture or a PDF.
This is a variable name. Fontnames You can use any fontnames installed on your computer, but they might not look the same on another computer. Repeats You can repeat a variable. Grouping your variables Use one or more hyphens - to group your variables, i. If there are no variables inside a group, the grouping box does not appear. Other tweaks to the whole diagram Standard graphviz tweaks Lines like these below only apply to the diagram itself, like the background colour etc.
Also: circo dot fdp neato nop nop1 nop2 osage patchwork sfdp twopi Hardcore If you really want, you can tweak any part of your diagram with almost the entire range of Graphviz attributes from label positioning to URLs. Use negative scale s to reverse the direction of an axis e. Set height or width to 0 to have it recomputed based on the implied scale of the other axis. Optionally, append to x-scale y-scale , width or height one of the following:.
When -J is used without any further arguments, or just with the projection type, the arguments of the last used -J , or the last used -J with that projection type, will be used. Set z-axis scaling; same syntax as -Jx. It is, however, beyond the scope of this manual to document the PROJ syntax that is the syntax of the proj and cs2cs programs so users are referred to PROJ Applications for the details.
The usage of PROJ follows very closely the syntax of proj and cs2cs. The projection parameters are encapsulated under the -J option.
For mapproject and grdproject we can go directly from the referencing system A to B without the intermediate step of converting to geographic coordinates. A much awaited bonus is also that we now do not need to set -R to do point coordinate conversions. While for point and grid conversions done by mapproject and grdproject we can use all PROJ projections , the situations is, however, rather more limited for mapping purposes.
Specify the region of interest. The -R option defines the map region or data domain of interest. It may be specified in one of several ways options 1 and 3 are shown in panels a and b respectively of the Figure Map region :. This is the standard way to specify Cartesian data domains and geographic regions when using map projections where meridians and parallels are rectilinear, where xmin , xmax , ymin , and ymax refer to the data limits.
The coordinates are relative to the standard longitude and latitude indicated in the projection -J. This form is useful for map projections that are oblique, making meridians and parallels poor choices for map boundaries.
This form guarantees a rectangular map even though lines of equal longitude and latitude are not straight lines. This will copy the domain settings found for the grid in specified file. Note that depending on the nature of the calling module, this mechanism will also set grid spacing and possibly the grid registration see Grid registration: The -r option.
This indirectly supplies the region by consulting the DCW Digital Chart of the World database and derives the bounding regions for one or more countries given by the codes. Simply append one or more comma-separated countries using the two-character ISO alpha-2 convention. To select a state within a country if available , append. TX for Texas. The following modifiers can be appended:.
This method can be used when creating grids. This is not used for -p without -Jz , in which case a perspective view of the place is plotted with no third dimension. Under modern mode, and for plotting modules only, you can automatically determine the region from the data used. You can either get the exact area using -Re [Default if no -R is given] or a slightly larger area sensibly rounded outwards to the next multiple of increments that depend on the data range using -Ra.
In case of perspective view -p , a z-range zmin , zmax can be appended to indicate the third dimension. This needs to be done only when using the -Jz option, not when using only the -p option. In the latter case a perspective view of the plane is plotted, with no third dimension. Draw GMT time stamp logo on plot. The -U option draws the GMT system time stamp on the plot. The following modifiers are supported:.
The time string will be in the locale set by the environment variable TZ generally local time. Select verbosity level [ w ]. The -V option controls the verbosity mode, which determines which messages are sent to standard error. Choose among 7 levels of verbosity; each level adds more messages:.
Shift plot origin. The -X and -Y options shift the plot origin relative to the current origin by xshift , yshift. Optionally, append the length unit c , i , or p. Subsequent overlays will be co-registered with the previous plot unless the origin is shifted using these options. The following modifiers are supported [default is r ]:. Prepend c to center the plot on the center of the paper optionally add a shift.
When -X or -Y are used without any further arguments, the values from the last use of that option in a previous GMT command will be used. Note that -X and -Y can also access the previous plot bounding box dimensions w and h and construct offsets that involves them. Note : the previous plot bounding box refers to the last object plotted, which may be an image, logo, legend, colorbar, etc.
GMT relies on external tools to translate geospatial files such as shapefiles into a format we can read. For this to be useful we need a mechanism to associate certain metadata values with required input and output columns expected by GMT programs. The given aspatial field thus replaces any other value already set. Note : If no aspatial attributes are needed then the -a option is not needed — GMT will still process and read such data files.
You can also associate aspatial fields with other settings such as labels, fill colors, pens, and values for looking-up colors by letting the col value be one of D for distance , G for fill , I for ID , L for label , T for text , W for pen , or Z for value.
This works analogously to how standard multi-segment files can pass such options via its segment headers See the cookbook chapter GMT File Formats. As for input, you can also use the special col entries of D for distance , G for fill , I for ID , L for label , T for text , W for pen , or Z for value to have values stored as options in segment headers be used as the source for the named aspatial field. The type will be set automatically for these special col entries. Select native binary record format for primary table input.
The record is one or more groups with format [ ncols ][ type ][ w ], where ncols is the number of consecutive data columns of given type and type must be one of:.
Force byte-swapping of a group by appending w at the end of the group. For records with mixed types, append additional comma-separated groups no space between groups. The cumulative number of ncols may exceed the columns actually needed by the program.
If ncols is not specified we assume that type applies to all columns and that ncols is implied by the expectation of the program.
When using native binary data the user must be aware of the fact that GMT has no way of determining the actual number of columns in the file. Native binary files may have a header section, where the -h option can be used to skip the first n bytes. If the input file is netCDF, no -b is needed; simply append? Here is an example that writes a binary file and reads it back with the first column 4 byte float, the second column 8 byte int, and the third column 8 byte double.
Select native binary format for table output. The record must be one or more groups with format [ ncols ][ type ][ w ], where ncols is the number of consecutive data columns of given type and type must be one of c , u , h , H , i , I , l , L , f , or d [Default] see -bi types for descriptions. For a mixed-type output record, append additional comma-separated groups no space between groups The following modifiers are supported:.
If ncols is not specified we assume that type applies to all columns and that ncols is implied by the default output of the program. Note : NetCDF file output is not supported. The -c option is only allowed when in subplot mode. Note : row , col , and index all start at 0. However, user data may occasionally denote missing data with an unlikely value e. Since GMT cannot guess this special missing data value, you can use the -d option to have such values replaced with NaNs. Similarly, the -d option can replace all NaNs with the chosed nodata value should the GMT output need to conform to such a requirement.
For input only, use -di nodata to examine all input columns after the first two. If any item equals nodata , the value is interpreted as a missing data item and is substituted with the value NaN. For output only, use -do nodata to examine all output columns. If any item equals NaN, the NaN value is substituted with the chosen missing data value nodata. The -e option offers a built-in pattern scanner that will only pass records that match the given pattern or regular expressions, whereas modules that read ASCII tables will normally process all the data records that are read.
The test is not applied to header or segment headers. For matching data records against extended regular expressions , please enclose the expression in slashes. Append i for case-insensitive matching. The -f option specifies what kind of data each input or output column contains when map projections are not required. Optionally, append i or o to make this apply only to input or output, respectively [Default applies to both]. Append a text string with information about each column or range of columns separated by commas.
If several consecutive columns have the same format you may specify a range of columns rather than a single column. Column ranges must be given in the format start [: inc ]: stop , where inc defaults to 1 if not specified. For example, if our input file has geographic coordinates latitude, longitude with absolute calendar coordinates in the columns 3 and 4, we would specify fi 0 y ,1 x , T.
All other columns are assumed to have the default f loating point format and need not be set individually. Note : You can also indicate that all items from the given column and to the end of the record should be considered trailing text by giving the code s for string. Only the last group may set s. Three shorthand options for common selections are available. The shorthand -f [ i o ] g means -f [ i o ]0x,1y i.
A special use of -f is to select -fp [ unit ], which requires -J -R and lets you use projected map coordinates e. Such coordinates are automatically inverted to longitude, latitude during the data import. Optionally, append a length unit see table distance units [default is meter].
For more information, see Sections Input data formats and Output data formats. The -g option is used to detect gaps based on one or more criteria. Repeat the option to specify multiple criteria. These just call Ghostscript with the appropriate if complicated set of options. You can use the 'ps2' set with eps files.
The interpreter reads and executes the files in sequence, using the method described under " File searching " to find them. The interpreter runs in interactive mode by default. After processing the files given on the command line if any it reads further lines of PostScript language commands from the primary input stream, normally the keyboard, interpreting each line separately.
To quit the interpreter, type " quit ". The interpreter also quits gracefully if it encounters end-of-file or control-C. The interpreter recognizes many options. An option may appear anywhere in the command line, and applies to all files named after it on the line. The most important are described in detail here. Please see the reference sections on options and devices for a more complete listing. You can get a brief help message by invoking Ghostscript with the -h or -?
On Windows, the two digit number indicates the word length of the system for which the binary was built so gswin And the "c" suffix indicates a Windows console based binary note that the "display device" window will still appear.
Selecting an output device Ghostscript has a notion of 'output devices' which handle saving or displaying the results in a particular format. Ghostscript comes with a diverse variety of such devices supporting vector and raster file output, screen display, driving various printers and communicating with other applications.
If this option isn't given the default device usually a display device is used. Ghostscript's built-in help message gs -h lists the available output devices. For complete description of the devices distributed with Ghostscript and their options, please see the devices section of the documentation.
Note that this switch must precede the name of the first input file, and only its first use has any effect. For example, for printer output in a configuration that includes an Epson printer driver, instead of just 'gs myfile. You can set the output device and process a file from the interactive prompt as well:.
All output then goes to the Epson printer instead of the display until you do something to change devices. You can switch devices at any time by using the selectdevice procedure, for instance like one of these:.
Some printers can print at several different resolutions, letting you balance resolution against printing speed.
To select the resolution on such a printer, use the -r switch:. Where the two resolutions are same, as is the common case, you can simply use -r res. The -r option is also useful for controlling the density of pixels when rasterizing to an image file. It is used this way in the examples at the beginning of this document. Ghostscript also allows you to control where it sends its output. With a display device this isn't necessary as the device handles presenting the output on screen internally.
Some specialized printer drivers operate this way as well, but most devices are general and need to be directed to a particular file or printer. For instance, to direct all output into the file ABC. On Unix and VMS systems it normally goes to a temporary file which is sent to the printer in a separate step.
When using Ghostscript as a file rasterizer converting PostScript or PDF to a raster image format you will of course want to specify an appropriately named file for the output. Ghostscript also accepts the special filename ' - ' which indicates the output should be written to standard output the command shell. Note, some devices e. For example, in order to create two PDF files from a single invocation of ghostscript the following can be used:.
Specifying a single output file works fine for printing and rasterizing figures, but sometimes you want images of each page of a multi-page document. You can tell Ghostscript to put each page of output in a series of similarly named files. The format specifier is of a form similar to the C printf format. The general form supported is:. For more information, please refer to documentation on the C printf format specifications. Some examples are:. Note, however that the one page per file feature may not supported by all devices.
Also, since some devices write output files when opened, there may be an extra blank page written pdfwrite, ps2write, eps2write, pxlmono, pxlcolor, As noted above, when using MS Windows console command.
As a convenient shorthand you can use the -o option followed by the output file specification as discussed above. This is intended to be a quick way to invoke ghostscript to convert one or more input files.
Ghostscript is distributed configured to use U. There are two ways to select other paper sizes from the command line:. Individual documents can and often do specify a paper size, which takes precedence over the default size.
The default set of paper sizes will be included in the currentpagedevice in the InputAttributes dictionary with each paper size as one of the entries. The last entry in the dictionary which has numeric keys is a non-standard Ghostscript extension type of PageSize where the array has four elements rather than the standard two elements.
This four element array represents a page size range where the first two elements are the lower bound of the range and the second two are the upper bound. By default these are [0, 0] for the lower bound and [16 fffff, 16 fffff] for the upper bound.
For actual printers, either the entire InputAttributes dictionary should be replaced or the range type entry should not be included. Using this option will result in automatic rotation of the document page if the requested page size matches one of the default page sizes.
This allows the -dPSFitPage option to fit the page size requested in a PostScript file to be rotated, scaled and centered for the best fit on the specified page. See the section on finding files for details. For a4 you can substitute any paper size Ghostscript knows.
On Windows and some Linux builds, the default paper size will be selected to be a4 or letter depending on the locale. As noted above, input files are normally specified on the command line. However, one can also "pipe" input into Ghostscript from another program by using the special file name ' - ' which is interpreted as standard input. When Ghostscript finishes reading from the pipe, it quits rather than going into interactive mode.
Because of this, options and files after the ' - ' in the command line will be ignored. On Unix and MS Windows systems you can send output to a pipe in the same way. For example, to pipe the output to lpr , use the command. In this case you must also use the -q switch to prevent Ghostscript from writing messages to standard output which become mixed with the intended output stream. The example above would become. In the last case, -q isn't necessary since Ghostscript handles the pipe itself and messages sent to stdout will be printed as normal.
All the normal switches and procedures for interpreting PostScript files also apply to PDF files, with a few exceptions. At present the old PostScript-based interpreter remains the default, in future releases the new C-based interpreter will become the default, though we would encourage people to experiment with the new interpreter and send us feedback.
While there are two interpreters the command-line switch NEWPDF will allow selection of the existing interpreter when false and the new interpreter when true.
This is useful for creating fixed size images of PDF files that may have a variety of page sizes, for example thumbnail images. Annotation types listed in this array will be drawn, whilst those not listed will not be drawn. The list of pages should be given in increasing order, you cannot process pages out of order and inserting higher numbered pages before lower numbered pages in the list will generate an error.
The PDF interpreter and the other language interpreters handle these in slightly different ways. Because PDF files enable random access to pages in the document the PDF inerpreter only interprets and renders the required pages. PCL and PostScript cannot be handled in ths way, and so all the pages must be interpreted.
However only the requested pages are rendered, which can still lead to savings in time. Because the PostScript and PCL interpreters cannot determine when a document terminates, sending multple files as input on the command line does not reset the PageList between each document, each page in the second and subsequent documents is treated as following on directly from the last page in the first document.
The PDF interpreter, however, does not work this way. The PostScript interpreter, by contrast, would only render pages 1 and 2 from the first file. This means you must exercise caution when using this switch, and probably should not use it at all when processing a mixture of PostScript and PDF files on the same command line. Pages processed in order 1, 2, 1, 2. In many cases, this is because of incorrectly generated PDF. Acrobat tends to be very forgiving of invalid PDF files.
Ghostscript tends to expect files to conform to the standard. In the past, Ghostscript's policy has been to simply fail with an error message when confronted with these files. This policy has, no doubt, encouraged PDF generators to be more careful. However, we now recognize that this behavior is not very friendly for people who just want to use Ghostscript to view or print PDF files. Our new policy is to try to render broken PDF's, and also to print a warning, so that Ghostscript is still useful as a sanity-check for invalid files.
If you provide PDF to standard input using the special filename ' - ' , Ghostscript will copy it to a temporary file before interpreting the PDF. Encapsulated PostScript EPS files are intended to be incorporated in other PostScript documents and may not display or print on their own. For the official description of the EPS file format, please refer to the Adobe documentation in their tech note In general with PostScript and PDF interpreters, the handling of overprinting and spot colors depends upon the process color model of the output device.
Devices that produce gray or RGB output have an additive process color model. Devices which produce CMYK output have a subtractive process color model.
Devices may, or may not, have support for spot colors. With devices which use a subtractive process color model, both PostScript and PDF allow the drawing of objects using colorants inks for one or more planes without affecting the data for the remaining colorants.
Thus the inks for one object may overprint the inks for another object. In some cases this produces a transparency like effect. The effects of overprinting should not be confused with the PDF 1.
Overprinting is not allowed for devices with an additive process color model. With files that use overprinting, the appearance of the resulting image can differ between devices which produce RGB output versus devices which produce CMYK output. Ghostscript automatically overprints if needed when the output device uses a subtractive process color model.
For example, if the file is using overprinting, differences can be seen in the appearance of the output from the tiff24nc and tiff32nc devices which use an RGB and a CMYK process color models. Most of the Ghostscript output devices do not have file formats which support spot colors. Instead spot colors are converted using the tint transform function contained within the color space definition.. However there are several devices which have support for spot colors.
This allows Photoshop to simulate the appearance of the spot colors. The display device, when using its CMYK plus spot color separation mode, also uses an equivalent CMYK color to simulate the appearance of the spot color.
The tiffsep device creates output files for each separation CMYK and any spot colors present. The xcfcmyk device creates output files with spot colors placed in separate alpha channels. The XCF file format does not currently directly support spot colors. Overprinting with spot colors is not allowed if the tint transform function is being used to convert spot colors. Thus if spot colors are used with overprinting, then the appearance of the result can differ between output devices.
If the test succeeds, Ghostscript tries to open the file using the name given. Otherwise it tries directories in this order:. By default, Ghostscript no longer searches the current directory first but provides -P switch for a degree of backward compatibility. Note that Ghostscript does not use this file searching algorithm for the run or file operators: for these operators, it simply opens the file with the name given.
To run a file using the searching algorithm, use runlibfile instead of run. Adobe specifies that resources are installed in a single directory.
Ghostscript instead maintains a list of resource directories, and uses an extended method for finding resource files. The search for a resource file depends on whether the value of the system parameter GenericResourceDir specifies an absolute path. The user may set it as explained in Resource-related parameters.
The first path with Resource in it is used, including any prefix up to the path separator character following the string Resource.
If the value of the system parameter GenericResourceDir is an absolute path the default , Ghostscript assumes a single resource directory. It concatenates :. If the value of the system parameter GenericResourceDir is not an absolute path, Ghostscript assumes multiple resource directories.
In this case it concatenates :. Due to possible variety of the part 1, the first successful combination is used. For example, if the value of the system parameter GenericResourceDir is the string..
So in this example, if the user on a Windows platform specifies the command line option -I. The string.. In the case of multiple resource directories, the default ResourceFileName procedure retrieves either a path to the first avaliable resource, or if the resource is not available it returns a path starting with GenericResourceDir.
Consequently Postscript installers of Postscript resources will overwrite an existing resource or add a new one to the first resource directory. To look up fonts, after exhausting the search method described in the next section , it concatenates together. Ghostscript has a slightly different way to find the file containing a font with a given name. See the documentation of fonts for details.
Then, when Ghostscript needs to find a font that isn't already loaded into memory, it goes through a series of steps. CID fonts e. Chinese, Japanese and Korean are found using a different method. SGI in place of Fontmap or Fontmap. It says: "15 files, 15 scanned, 0 new fonts". We think this problem has been fixed in Ghostscript version 6.
See Fontmap. Sol instead. Also, on Solaris 2. The fonts Sun distributes on Solaris 2. These paths may not be exactly right for your installation; if the indicated directory doesn't contain files whose names are familiar font names like Courier and Helvetica, you may wish to ask your system administrator where to find these fonts.
Adobe Acrobat comes with a set of fourteen Type 1 fonts, on Unix typically in a directory called There is no particular reason to use these instead of the corresponding fonts in the Ghostscript distribution which are of just as good quality , except to save about a megabyte of disk space, but the installation documentation explains how to do it on Unix. CID fonts are PostScript resources containing a large number of glyphs e.
Please refer to the PostScript Language Reference, third edition, for details. CID font resources are a different kind of PostScript resource from fonts. In particular, they cannot be used as regular fonts. CID font resources must first be combined with a CMap resource, which defines specific codes for glyphs, before it can be used as a font.
This allows the reuse of a collection of glyphs with different encodings. Another method is possible using the composefont operator. They are not found using Font lookup on the search path or font path. In general, it is highly recommended that CIDFonts used in the creation of PDF jobs should be embedded or available to Ghostscript as CIDFont resources, this ensures that the character set, and typeface style are as intended by the author. In cases where the original CIDFont is not available, the next best option is to provide Ghostscript with a mapping to a suitable alternative CIDFont - see below for details on how this is achieved.
As shipped, this uses the DroidSansFallback. This font contains a large number of glyphs covering several languages, but it is not comprehensive. There is, therefore, a chance that glyphs may be wrong, or missing in the output when this fallback is used.
As with any font containing large numbers of glyphs, DroidSansFallback. The build system will cope with the file being removed, and the initialization code will avoid adding the internal fall back mapping if the file is missing. If DroidSansFallback. As the name suggests, this will result in all the glyphs from a missing CIDFont being replaced with a simple bullet point. This type of generic fall back CIDFont substitution can be very useful for viewing and proofing jobs, but may not be appropriate for a "production" workflow, where it is expected that only the original font should be used.
The file forms a table of records, each of which should use one of three formats, explained below. Note that the default Ghostscript build includes such configuration and resource files in a rom file system built into the executable.
So, to ensure your changes have an effect, you should do one of the following: rebuild the executable; use the "-I" command line option to add the directory containing your modified file to Ghostscript's search path; or, finally, build Ghostscript to use disk based resources.
Please pay attention that both them must be designed for same character collection. The trailing semicolon and the space before it are both required. If the array consists of 2 elements, the first element is a string, which specifies Ordering ; the second element is a number, which specifies Supplement. If the array consists of 3 elements, the first element is a string, which specifies Registry ; the second element is a string, which specifies Ordering ; the third element is a number, which specifies Supplement.
The TrueType font must contain enough characters to cover an Adobe character collection, which is specified in Ordering and used in documents. It is also possible to influence the path using standard, or your own environment variables, using the custom Postscript operator getenv. Said operator takes a string parameter on the stack which is the environment variable to interrogate, and returns either a string, containing the value of the environment variable, and boolean true to indicate success, or just a boolean false to indicate failure.
See below for an example of its use. The script can also be run separately e. Note that the font file path uses Postscript syntax. Because of this, backslashes in the paths must be represented as a double backslash. This can complicate substitutions for fonts with non-Roman names.
This cannot be used directly in a cidfmap file because the xx notation in names is a PDF-only encoding. Instead, try something like:. This lets you specify a name using any sequence of bytes through the encodings available for Postscript strings. There is no reliable way to generate a character ordering for truetype fonts. The 7. This is replaced in the 8. As a workaround the PDF interpreter applies an additional substitution method when a requested CID font resource is not embedded and it is not available.
The latter may look some confusing for a font name, but we keep it for compatibility with older Ghostscript versions, which do so due to a historical reason. If the CID font file is not embedded, the Adobe-Identity record depends on the document and a correct record isn't possible when a document refers to multiple Far East languages.
In the latter case add individual records for specific CID font names used in the document. Ghostscript can make use of Truetype fonts with a Unicode character set. To do so, you should generate a NOTE: non-standard! The resulting output will be compliant with the spec unlike the input. Ghostscript currently doesn't do a very good job of deleting temporary files if it exits because of an error; you may have to delete them manually from time to time. The original PostScript language specification, while not stating a specific word sise, defines 'typical' limits which make it clear that it was intended to run as a bit environment.
Ghostscript was originally coded that way, and the heritage remains within the code base. This is the only real purpose in adding support for large integers, however since that time, we have made some efforts to allow for the use of bit words; in particular the use of integers, but also lifting the 64K limit on strings and arrays, among other areas. Even when the build supports bit words, you should be aware that there are areas of Ghostscript which do not support bit values.
Sometimes these are dependent on the build and other times they are inherent in the architecture of Ghostscript the graphics library does not support bit co-ordinates in device space for example, and most likely never will. Note that the extended support for bit word size can be disabled by executing 'true. The Ghostscript distribution includes some Unix shell scripts to use with Ghostscript in different environments.
These are all user-contributed code, so if you have questions, please contact the user identified in the file, not Artifex Software.
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